Westfield State College Ely Library

Black History Month - Web Resources
Prominent figures in:

 

 

 

 

 


Black History Month (February) commemorates the struggles and triumphs of African-Americans in this country. It offers a chance to reflect on the history, and celebrate the contributions of individuals. This webpage is a collection of links to authoritative websites on these individuals and topics in African-American history.
Specific Topics
Kwanzaa (December 26 - January 1)




Databases

 

Biography Resource Center: African Americans
Search for prominent African Americans by name, biographical facts, or keyword in this database from Gale.

 

 

General: African-American History

African-American Booklist
http://www.nea.org/grants/13542.htm
From the NEA, a "comprehensive reading list of 100 titles that celebrate African-American heritage, tradition, and achievement." The list includes suggested grade levels for each book.

The African-American Experience
http://aae.greenwood.com
From Greenwood Press, a collection of encyclopedic articles, primary source documents, images and slave narratives. The documents are accessible by searching or browsing. This online resource is available this month (February) free of charge. Simply enter your information upon selecting an entry.

African American History Month
http://www.africanamericanhistorymonth.gov
Collection of links to material in honor of African American History month in February. Includes links to collections, images, and audio and video sources with a focus on this year's theme "The Quest for Black Citizenship in the Americas." From the Library of Congress, the National Endowment for the Arts, National Park Service, National Gallery of Art, the Smithsonian Institute, National Archives and Records Administration, and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

African-American Mosaic
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/intro.html
From the Library of Congress, a website created from their special exhibit dedicated to the study of African-American history and culture. Narrative sections are arranged by subject, and are accompanied by digital images of documents, photos, and illustrations.

African American World
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/aaworld/
From PBS and NPR, a website devoted to African-American history and culture. This website has a wealth of content, including a timeline, Encyclopedia Britannica entries on key terms and topics, a section of lesson plans on topics in African-American history, and public discussion forums on relevant themes and issues.

American Black Journal
http://www.matrix.msu.edu/~abj/
Digitized collection of back shows of this television series (originally titled "Colored People's Time"), whose programs "represent a wide variety of African-American viewpoints on issues important to the city of Detroit, the state of Michigan, and the nation as whole." Browse shows from 1968-2000 by date, guest, host, or themes such as "Motor City and Motown." From Detroit Public Television and Michigan State University.

An Era of Progress and Promise: Education and Religion in Post-Emancipation America
http://statelibrary.ncdcr.gov/dimp/digital/era/
An Era of Progress and Promise is a book compiled by W.N. Hartshorn of Clifton, Massachusetts that celebrates the "religious, moral, and educational development of the American Negro since his emancipation." From 1901-1908, Mr. Hartshorn convened the Clifton Conference to discuss the educational and religious opportunities available to African Americans. An Era of Progress and Promise is a culmination of the Clifton conference findings, and provides a comprehensive portrait of early African-American schools, colleges, and churches as well as biographies of African-American educators, ministers, and influential businessmen. This website is for those interested in "the history of education, the development of Historically Black Colleges and Universities, the Negro Business League, religion in the United States, or African-American society in post-Emancipation America."

Association for the Study of African-American Life and History
http://www.asalh.org/index.html
The website for the ASALH provides information on news, events, and publications related to African-American life, history, and culture. The website includes a listing of events and conferences, a bookshelf listing relevant publications, an essay contest, and links to periodicals related to African-Amerian culture.

Biography.com Celebrates Black History

http://www.biography.com/blackhistory/
From the A&E biography channel, a website offering biographies on prominent figures in African-American history. Biographies are arranged by subject, and a photo gallery and section on Alex Haley's Roots are also featured on the site.

Black Facts Online
http://www.blackfacts.com/
Sponsored by the company Innercity Software, this site provides snapshot information on events and facts in African-American history. A dropdown menu allows the user to select a date in history. The fact descriptions can also be searched by keyword.

The End of Slavery: the Creation of the 13th Amendment
http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/
From the primary source website, Harpweek, a site offering primary source documents relating to the 13th Amendment and emancipation. The site is browseable by topic, with informational sections accompanied by letters, government documents, images, and articles from the magazine, Harper's Weekly. The site also offers a timeline of events relating to slavery and emancipation, as well as biographies of prominent individuals of the era.

Facts for Features Black History Month: February 2008
http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/facts_for_features_special_editions/010969.html
From the U.S. Census bureau, a compilation of notable facts and statistics relating to the African-Americans in the United States. The facts are divided into sections for population, military service, education, homeownership, jobs and more. The statistics include links to the original press release or site that featured the data.

History Channel: Black History Month
http://www.history.com/content/blackhistory
Explore the interactive timeline of African American milestones, watch videos, explore maps, and read biographies of icons at this website from the History Channel.

Mapping the African American Past (MAAP)
http://maap.columbia.edu/
Illustrates places and moments that have shaped the long history of African Americans in New York City.

National Museum of African-American History and Culture
http://nmaahc.si.edu/
From the Smithsonian, the website for the NMAAHC. The site features biographies and photos of prominent people in African-American History. The sections of the site can be browsed by a graphical cluster chart illustrating how individuals and topic areas are inter-related.

Oberlin and the Struggle for Black Freedom
http://www.oberlin.edu/external/EOG/BlackHistoryMonth/blackhist.html
Oberlin was the first college in the United States to regularly admit African American students. This collection of material, from the Electronic Oberlin Group, is about the struggle for black freedom in Oberlin, Ohio, and the education of African American students at Oberlin College. Topics include the 1835 constitution of the Oberlin Anti-Slavery Society, the Underground Railroad, and Martin Luther King's 1965 commencement address.

The Sonja Haynes Stone Center Library for Black Culture and History: Guide to the Web
http://www.lib.unc.edu/stone/webguide/
From the Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture annd History of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a compilation of annotated links to hundreds of websites about "African, African American, and African Diaspora history and culture. ... The topics covered range from the underground railroad to hip hop music." Other subjects include civil rights, education, health, literature, military, religion, slavery, sports, and women.

This Far By Faith
http://www.pbs.org/thisfarbyfaith/
From PBS, a website from the television series by the same name. The series follows the spiritual and religious journeys of African-americans throughout history, as they have struggled to overcome social and political obstacles. The content features narratives, illustrations, photographs, and biographical entries on some relevant individuals.



Literature

African-American Women Writers of the 19th Century
http://digital.nypl.org/schomburg/writers_aa19/
From the New York Public Library Digital Library Collection, a website of primary and secondary source documents relating to African-American women writers.
The site offers biographies on over 30 writers (autobiographies as well). A drop-down menu offers users to browse the content by author, title, fiction, and poetry. The actual primary source documents are available in frames versions, browseable by section.

Angelou, Maya
http://www.mayaangelou.com/
The official site of the contemporary poet, activist, and ambassador to the world. The site contains a biography, a bibliography, and an audio file of an interview.

Baldwin, James
http://aalbc.com/authors/james.htm
From the African-American Literature Book Club, a website dedicated to James Baldwin, the 20th century writer and novelist.
The site includes a biography and anotations of Baldwin's major works.

Baraka, Amiri
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/foolingwithwords/main_biobaraka.html
From PBS, a site dedicated to Amiri Baraka, the African-American Poet of the late 20th century. The site features a biography, selected poems, and audiofiles of an interview with Baraka and poems read by the poet himself.

Bullins, Ed
http://www.bridgesweb.com/blacktheatre/bullins.html
A website created by Professor Wallace Bridges at Eastern Michigan University. This site gives a chronology of the life and work of Ed Bullins, a contemporary writer and a leading member of the Black Arts Movement in the 1960's.

Chesnutt, Charles
http://www.berea.edu/faculty/browners/chesnutt/index.html
Authored by a faculty member at Berea College, this site draws from the special collections of Fisk Univesity. The site offers a bibliography, a biography and access to stories and novels from this acclaimed writer from the Reconstruction Era.

Dunbar, Paul Lawrence
http://www.libraries.wright.edu/dunbar/
The Paul Lawrence Dunbar Digital Text Archives from the Wright State Universities special collections; this site includes a bibliography, audio versions of the author's poetry recited, and digital versions of his poems from the Reconstruction Era.

Ellison, Ralph
http://www.centerx.gseis.ucla.edu/weblio/ellison.html
From the Center X foundation of UCLA, a site dedicated to Ralph Ellison, the twentieth century novelist. This site provides a full bibliography of Ellison's books, short stories, interviews, and essays. The site also includes a chronology and images of the author.

Hughes, Langston
http://beinecke.library.yale.edu/langstonhughes/web.html
Langston Hughes at 100, an online exhibition created in observance of the centenary of the birth of Langston Hughes (1902-1967), Harlem Renaissance poet, novelist, and playwright, presents images and audio and video clips. Material includes poem manuscripts, video of Hughes reading his poetry, photos, and related material. From the Yale University Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

Hurston, Zora Neale
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/znhhtml/znhhome.html
From the Library of Congress, a collection of ten plays from the flamboyant writer of plays and shorts stories from the Harlem Renaissance. The site also has a chronology of Zora's personal experiences and major writings.

Jacobs, Harriet
http://www.yale.edu/glc/harriet/
From the Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition of Yale University, a webpage providing primary source documents authored by Harriet Jacobs, as well as documents relating to her life and times. The site also provides a resource guide and bibliography for more information about Harriet Jacobs.

Lorde, Audre
http://www.colorado.edu/journals/standards/V5N1/Lorde/toc2.html
From the journal Standards, a tribute to the 20th century African-American lesbian writer. The site includes poems by the author and articles about Lorde and her works. A biography and list of career highlights can be found at this site from Emory University: http://www.english.emory.edu/Bahri/RYAN.HTML

Morrison, Toni
http://www.luminarium.org/contemporary/tonimorrison/toni.htm
An independent site (Anniina Jokinen, author) dedicated to the nobel-prize winning writer, Toni Morrison. The site offers links to biographies, interviews, literary criticism, and sections devoted to her major works.

Walker, Alice
http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/walker_alice.html
From the University of Minnesota's site, Voices from the Gaps - Women Writers of Color, a webpage about Alice Walker, the award-winning novelist. The page features an excerpt from her writing, a biography and discussion of her work, and a select bibliography.


Music


Armstrong, Louis
http://www.satchmo.net/
The website for the Louis Armstrong home and archives. The site includes a biography and audio files of Louis Armstrong's music.

Berry, Chuck
http://www.chuckberry.com/
The official site of Chuck Berry. The site includes a biography, a list of his career highlights, music clips, and a photo gallery of the rock and roll musician who brought together people of all races through his music.

Coltrane, John
http://www.johncoltrane.com/
From the John Coltrane Foundation, a website offering information and media on Coltrane. The site features videos (movies) and music of John Coltrane. An extensive biography is also available, as well as a year-by-year discography with recordings of Coltrane as a leader and a sideman.

Davis, Gary (Reverend)
http://www.revgarydavis.com/
An independent website celebrating the Reverend Gary Davis, a gospel performer who's influenced many popular jazz and rock performers. The site includes a biography, a discography, and audio samples of the Reverend's music.

Davis, Miles
http://www.milesdavis.com/
From the estate of Miles Davis, a website dedicated to the great jazz trumpet player. The site includes a biography, downloadable audio files of his music, and images of the artwork of Miles Davis, his paintings which were influenced by the "Memphis" design movement.

Dorsey, Thomas A.
http://www.villaricatourism.com/dorsey.html
From the Villa Rica bureau of tourism (Dorsey's hometown in Georgia), a website recounting the story of Thomas Dorsey, often referred to as the "Father of Gospel Music". The site documents Dorsey's career and the rise of gospel music through the early part of the 20th century.

Ellington, Duke
http://www.dellington.org/
From the National Museum of American History and the Kennedy Center's ARTSEDGE, a website celebrating the achievements of Duke Ellington, composer, pianist and band leader. The site includes a scrapbook, detailing the stages of Ellington's career through text and photographs, an educational activities section that features audio clips of his music, and links to other resources and centennial celebrations of Ellington.

House, Son
http://www.cr.nps.gov/delta/blues/people/son_house.htm
From the national park service, a webpage on Son House and the Delta Blues tradition. The webpage includes a biography and a video file of an original performance by the blues legend.

Johnson, Robert
http://www.rockhall.com/hof/inductee.asp?id=134
From the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, a website honoring bluesman Robert Johnson. The site includes a biography and timeline of this great blues musician.

Monk, Thelonious
http://www.monkzone.com/
Sponsored by the Thelonious Monk record label, this website offers a tribute to the jazz pianist. A biography, discography, image gallery, and audio files of his music are featured.

Parker, Charlie
http://www.pbs.org/jazz/biography/artist_id_parker_charlie.htm
From the PBS special Jazz, a website dedicated to the great jazz saxophonist, Charlie Parker. This site offers a chronological review of Parker's work along with audio samples of his music.

Waters, Muddy

http://www.muddywaters.com/home.html
The official website of this blues legend, a biography, discography, photo gallery, and some audio files of his songs are featured.

Visual Arts

Abele, Julian Francis
http://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/21458
From the Philadelphia Architects and Building Project, a website devoted to the Philadelphia native who designed the Philadephia Museum of Art and buildings at Duke University.

Alston, Charles
http://www.grnnamdigallery.com/dynamic/artwork_display.asp?ArtworkID=15
From the G.R.N'Namedi Gallery, a biography and digital images of the 60's muralist from the Harlem Renaissance.

Lawrence, Jacob
http://www.phillipscollection.org/migration_series/flash/experience.cfm
From the Phillips Collection in Washington D.C., a website devoted to Jacob Lawrence, another muralist from the
Harlem Renaissance. The site provides images of Lawrence's works, a biographical tour of the artists life, and information about the historical context of his life and work.

Lee-Smith, Hughie
http://www.mojoportfolio.com/artist_search/african_american/lee-smith.html
This site sponsored by a commercial lithographic printer, provides background and sample works from the Chicago native, Hughie Lee-Smith's paintings.

Lewis, Norman
http://www.artnet.com/artist/10481/Norman_Lewis.html
Some images from this 20th century artist who explored expressionism and abstraction.

Tanner, Henry Ossawa
http://www.octobergallery.com/artists/tanner.htm
From the October Gallery in Philadelphia, abiography of Henry Ossawa Tanner, one of the first African-American painters to receive acclaim both here in the United States and overseas.


Science and Technology


Black History Month: A Medical Perspective
http://www.mclibrary.duke.edu/hom/exhibits/blkhist/
From the Duke University Medical Center Library, a website chronicling the achievements of African-Americans in the field of medicine. The site features biographies of physicians, a timeline of milestones in medicine and education, a section dedicated to folk medicine, and a bibliography of relevant books, articles, and websites.

The Faces of Science: African Americans in the Sciences
https://webfiles.uci.edu/mcbrown/display/faces.html
From Mitchell C. Brown, a librarian at U.C. Irvine, a website featuring biographies, bibliographies, and links to resources about prominent African-American scientists. The website also provides data and information about the state of African-Americans in the sciences.

Banneker, Benjamin
https://webfiles.uci.edu/mcbrown/display/banneker.html
An entry from the website, The Faces of Science: African Americans in the Sciences ,this webpage provides a biography of Banneker, along with links to primary source documents and a bibliography of readings.

Bluford, Guion S. Jr.
http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/bluford-gs.html
From NASA, a biography of the African-American astronaut, the first African-American to orbit the earth.

Boykin, Otis
http://www.blackhistorypages.net/pages/oboykin.php
A webpage biography of Otis Boykin, the African-American inventor who developed advancements to the electrical resistor and invented other electronic devices.

Carver, George Washington
http://www.lib.iastate.edu/spcl/gwc/home.html
From Iowa State University, a webpage devoted to the African-American agriculturalist and inventor. The site includes a biography, images, a bibliography, and links to other sites about Dr. Carver.

Julian, Percy Lavon
http://www.nap.edu/html/biomems/pjulian.html
From the National Academies Press, a webpage detailing the achievements of Percy Lavon Julian. The page includes a biography, a bibliography, and a list of patents by the pioneering chemist who was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.

Latimer, Lewis
http://www.ieee-virtual-museum.org/collection/people.php?id=1234720&lid=1
From the IEEE virtual museum, a webpage devoted to the African-American electrician, who worked closely with Thomas Edison, and became one of renowned scientists known as the Edison Pioneers.

McCoy, Elijah
http://www.blackhistorysociety.ca/EMcCoy.htm
From the Ontario Black History Society, a webpage about the mechanical engineer whose inventions helped advance the industrial revolution, and whose career as a scientist progressed in the face of racial prejudice.

Woods, Granville T.
http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/woods.html
From MIT's inventor of the week series, a website devoted to the African-American inventor who was a peer and rival of Thomas Edison in the field of telegraph and telephone communications.

Wright, Louis T.
http://www.aaregistry.com/african_american_history/1014/Louis_T_Wright_surgeon_and_NAACP_Chairman
From the African-American Registry, a webpage detailing the life and achievements of pioneering physician Louis T. Wright, an aclaimed researcher and active member of the NAACP.


Political/Social Movements

 

Black Americans in Congress
http://baic.house.gov
Since 1870, when Senator Hiram Revels of Mississippi and Representative Joseph Rainey of South Carolina became the first African Americans to serve in Congress, a total of 124 African Americans have served as U.S. Representatives or Senators. This Web site, based on the book 'Black Americans in Congress, 1870-2007,' contains biographical profiles ... links to information about current black Members, essays ... and images." From the Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives.

Carmichael, Stokely
http://socialjustice.ccnmtl.columbia.edu/index.php/Stokely_Carmichael/Kwame_Ture
From Columbia University's website Social Justice Movements, webpages dedicated to Stokely Carmichael, activist and member of the Black Panther Party. The site offers sections recounting the history of Carmichael (later called Kwame Ture), a timeline of his life, a bibliography of sources, and links to relevant sites.

Douglass, Frederick
http://www.iupui.edu/~douglass/
From the University of Indianapolis Department of History, a website devoted to Frederick Douglas, the writer, activist, and abolitionist. The website features a biography, timeline, and bibliography for Douglas, and links to libraries holding special collections of Douglas' papers.

Dubois, W.E.B.
http://www.duboislc.org/man.html
From the W.E.B. Dubois Learning Center, a webpage detailing the biography of this African-American writer and activist.

King, Martin Luther Jr.
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/mlk/
From the Seattle Times, a website devoted the civil rights leader. The site includes a photo gallery, a biography, a timeline, and audio files of his speeches.

Malcolm X
http://www.cmgww.com/historic/malcolm/home.php
From the estate of Malcolm X, the official website of Malcolm X, which includes an extensive biography, photographs, and quotes from the civil rights activist and ex-leader of the Nation of Islam. The website also includes a eulogy that was delivered at his funeral by the actor Ozzie Davis.

Marshall, Thurgood
http://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/home.htm
From Juan Williams, author of the video series, Eyes on the Prize, a website devoted to Thurgood Marshall. The website includes photographs, a profile, and an interview with the first African-American selected to serve on the Supreme Court.

Obama, Barack
http://www.whitehouse.gov
The official White House page of the 44th President of the United States and the first African-American president. See also the following sites:

America's 44th President: On the Issues - An online magazine created by the Johns Hopkins University Washington Center for the Study of American Government and the Johns Hopkins SAIS Center on Politics & Foreign Relations based in Washington, D.C. to present "his views on key foreign policy issues of the day...his views on health care and his evolving domestic agenda."
Barack Obama.com - Official campaign website. Links to biographical information, Obama's stance on many issues, text and video of speeches and campaign ads.  

Randolph, A. Philip
http://www.georgemeany.org/archives/apr.html
From the George Meaney Center archives, a website dedicated to the former AFL-CIO leader who fought for the rights of workers against discrimination and unfair labor practice. The site includes a profile of his achievements, photographs, and a bibliography.

Rosa Parks
http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/par0pro-1
From the Academy of Achievement, a website devoted to Rosa Parks, the activist and "mother of the civil rights movement". The site includes a biography, videos, and audio interviews with this prominent figure whose actions served to ignite the civil rights movement.

Tubman, Harriet
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAStubman.htm
From the Spartacus Educational website, a webpage aboout Harriet Tubman, conductor for the Underground Railroad and escort to an estimated 300 slaves to freedom. The webpage includes a biography and excerpts from historical books about Tubman and the Underground Railroad.


Slavery, Abolition and Emancipation


Africans in America
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/home.html
From PBS, a chronological history of Africans living in slavery in the Americas leading up to the Civil War, based on their television series by the same name. The website provides resources for teachers along with a cross-referenced index of people, events, and historical documents.

Born in Slavery
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/snhtml/
From the Library of Congress, this website contains narratives and interviews with people who were born into slavery. Original documentation from these interviews are presented in high quality TIFF image files. Also, high resolution photographs of the subjects are also available in several file formats. An excellent source of primary document materials from the slavery era.

The Atlantic Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Americas
http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/
Original illustrations and depictions from slavery times. These illustrations and portraits have been scanned onto the site from a special collection of the University of Virginia Library.

From Slavery to Freedom: the African-American Pamphlet Collection
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aapchtml/
Also from the Library of Congress, a special collection of documents published between 1822 and 1909 on the topics of slavery, emancipation, reconstruction and and related topics. These include personal accounts, speeches, and reports by such authors as Frederick Douglas, Charles Sumner, Booker T. Washington, and others. Documents are digitized and viewable online.

Images of the Antislavery Movement in Massachusetts
http://www.masshist.org/online/abolition.cfm
From the Massachusetts Historical Society, the website "presents digital images of 840 visual materials from the collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society that illustrate the role of Massachusetts in the national debate over slavery. Included are photographs, paintings, sculptures, engravings, artifacts, banners, and broadsides that were central to the debate and the formation of the antislavery movement." The images can be browsed by format. An bibliography of suggestions for further reading is included on the site.

Lest We Forget: the Triumph over Slavery
http://digital.nypl.org/lwf/english/site/flash.html
A highly stylized site from the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture: this website provides a history of the slavery era, discussing the origins and development of African-American culture within this environment. The content includes drawings, illustrations, letters, and news items from these times.

Voices from the Days of Slavery
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/voices/
A collection of interviews with people born between 1823 and the 1860's who experienced slavery firsthand. The interviews cover topics such as their families, their feelings on slavery and on the slave-holders, their freedom, and actual singing of songs that they had learned back in the days of slavery. The Library of Congress has compiled this collection of recorded interviews and maintains the website.

American Slave Narratives
http://xroads.virginia.edu/%7EHYPER/wpa/wpahome.html
From Bruce Fort of the University of Virginia, an annotated collection of transcripted slave narratives. The narratives are available as html text, along with photographs. A bibliography of related readings is also available from the site.

The Emancipation Proclamation
http://www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/featured_documents/emancipation_proclamation/
From the National Archives and Records Administration, the original scanned document is presented in jpeg files. The webpage also includes a brief discussion of the immediate rammifications of the act and it's place in the abolition of slavery.


Amistad Slave Revolt

Exploring Amistad
http://amistad.mysticseaport.org/main/welcome.html
From Mystic Seaport, a website chronicling the events of the Amistad Slave Revolt and Trials. The website provides an in-depth analysis of the events, a timeline, an online special collection of documents related to the revolt (including orginal newspaper articles and images), and teaching tools for preparing a lesson plan on the subject.


Buffalo Soldiers


Buffalo Soldiers National Museum
http://www.buffalosoldiermuseum.com/
From the Museum of the Buffalo Soldiers, a website offering content about African-Americans who served in American wars and specifically the Civil War. The site includes informational sections on the specific cavalry along with photographs and illustrations.


Juneteenth

Juneteenth.com: Worldwide Celebration

http://www.juneteenth.com/
A website dedicated tothe commemoration of the day that Union troops brought word of the Emancipation Proclamation to slaves in the south. The website includes a history of the holiday and the events upon which the holiday is based, along with a listing of events nationwide honoring this day.


Black Panther Party

Blackpanther.org

http://www.blackpanther.org/
From the Huey P. Newton Foundation, a website for the Black Panther Party. The website features information on the legacy and mission of the party, as well as the Ten Point Plan outlined by the party. The website also includes a list of speakers available to speak on issues related to the Black Panthers.

The Black Panther Party: Making Sense of History
http://cds.aas.duke.edu/exhibits/blackpanther.html
From the Center for Documentary Studies at Duke University, a website created for an exhibit by the photographer Stephen Shames documenting the early years of the Black Panther Party. The website features photos and the artist's statement. The website also features an audio podcast of a panel discussion entitled, “Recovering the Panther Legacy of Community Organizing and Activism.".

Black Panther: The Revolutionary Art of Emory Douglas
http://www.moca.org/emorydouglas/
From the Museum of Contemporary Art, a website to accompany an exhibit by the artist Emory Douglas. The exhibit features paintings made by Douglas while he served as the ministry of culture for the Black Panther Party. Accompanying the images are comments made by Douglas about each paintings as they related to the Panther movement.


Tuskegee Airmen

The Tuskegee Airmen - Overview
http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/tuskegee/airoverview.htm
From the National Park Service, a website dedicated to the African-American pursuit squadron based and trained in Tuskegee, Alabama. The site features a gallery of the Airmen, as well as information on the training base, combat and awards, and the support personnel of the base..

The Red Tail Project
http://www.redtail.org/
From the Commemorative Air Force, a website and project dedicated to the Tuskegee Airmen. The site features information on their combat records, the squadrons, biographies of some of the airmen, a photo gallery, and video features about the airmen.


Harlem Renaissance


Rhapsodies in Black
http://www.iniva.org/harlem/
From the Institute of International Visual Arts, a website dedicated to the art and literature of the Harlem Renaissance. The website features digital images of works of art, along with informational sections on the themes and the artists themselves.

Harlem Renaissance brought to you by John Carroll University
http://www.jcu.edu/harlem/index.htm
From John Carroll University, a website discussing various aspects of the Harlem Renaissance. The site's content is divided into sections on literature, political issues, religion, philosophy, the french connection and more. The site includes video and audio files of prominent music from the era, a timeline marking the contributions of individuals chronologically, and individual pages for featured performers.

Harlem Renaissance
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/aaworld/arts/artfocus_03.html
From PBS, a website dedicated to the Harlem Renaissance.The site includes digital images of some of the art, along with profiles of prominent artists from the period.


Negro Leagues

Negro League Baseball Players Assocation

http://www.nlbpa.com/index.html
The official website of the Negro League Baseball Players Assocation, this site features informational sections on the teams, each of the players, the history of the league, and digital images of artificats and orginial memorabilia from the leagues.

BlackBaseball.com
http://www.blackbaseball.com/
From TK Publishers and WebMatters New Media, a website containing a wealth of information about the Negro Leagues of the thirties and forties. The site features a history of the leagues, rosters and information about the teams, players biographies and images, and a list other resources available about the leagues.


Civil Rights Movement

Civil Rights.org
http://www.civilrights.org
This web site, a collaboration of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR) and the LCCR Education Fund, aims "to serve as the site of record for relevant and up-to-the minute civil rights news and information."

Civil Rights in Mississippi
http://www.lib.usm.edu/~spcol/crda/index.html
From the University of Mississippi, a digital archive of interviews and oral histories on the civil rights era. Transcripts and audio files of interviews with key participants in the civil rights movement in Mississippi.

Reporting Civil Rights
http://www.reportingcivilrights.org/
From the Library of America, a website featuring the journalism and writing surrounding the civil rights movement. This site features journalistic articles and other accounts by reporters, writers, and civilians who witnessed the events of the civil rights era firsthand.

SNCC 1960-1966
http://www.ibiblio.org/sncc/
From the University of North Carolina, a website dedicated to the Students Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, which coordinated non-violent protests across college campuses in the south. The website offers a timeline and informational sections on the people, issues, and events of the SNCC.

We Shall Overcome: Historic Places of the Civil Rights Movement
http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/index.htm
From the National Parks Service, a website on the historic sites of the Civil Rights Movement, with an information tour of all the sites. The website also offers a history of the civil rights Movement, with sections entitled "the strategy", "the players", "the cost", and "the prize". A bibliography is also offered of publications providing more in-depth information.

Voices of Civil Rights
http://www.voicesofcivilrights.org/index.html
From the AARP, the LCCR, and the Library of Congress, a website to serve as an archive of personal accounts from the civil rights era. The site offers a history of the movement, including photographs, a timeline, and a musical montage. The website primarily features personal narratives of people who experienced the events, searchable by time, place, event, and keyword.


Brown v. Board of Education


Separate Is Not Equal - Brown v. Board of Education
http://americanhistory.si.edu/Brown/index.html
From the Smithsonian Institute, in conjunction with the 2004 museum exhibit, this is a website discussing the history and impact of the Brown v. Board of Education decision. The site offers titled sections on the case, the events leading up to the case, and the era that followed. The site also features an annotated bibliography, a timeline of events, an essay from the project curator, a teacher's guide with lesson plans, and media files of field trips to the Smithsonian exhibit for which this website was created.

Brown v. Board of Education: Looking Back, Looking Forward
http://athome.harvard.edu/programs/bvb/
From Harvard University, a multimedia site offering video files of presentations and dialogue from a panel discussion about the decision and it's implications. The speakers at the panel include scholars, noted lawyers, and attorneys who were actually argued the case before the Supreme Court.

Looking Back: Brown v. Board of Education
http://www.npr.org/news/specials/brown50/
From National Public Radio, a website offering discussion and commentary on the Brown v. Board of Education case. The site offers audio features from NPR radio which have discussed the case and various aspects. The site also offers audio files of a round-table discussion centering around Brown v. Board of Education.

Kwanzaa (December 26 - January 1)

The Official Kwanzaa Web Site
http://www.officialkwanzaawebsite.org/
From the founder of Kwanzaa, Dr. Maulana Karenga, a webpage devoted to the African-American and Pan-African holiday. The website includes informational sections on the history, the principles, the symbols, and rituals of the holiday.

Kwanzaa
http://www.historychannel.com/exhibits/holidays/kwanzaa/index.html
From the History Channel, a website on the celebration of Kwanzaa. The site includes information on the history and symbols of the holiday, as well as a video clip about the holiday.


Page Maintained by Oliver Zeff/SS.
http://lib.westfield.ma.edu/blackhistory.htm
Last Updated 1/31/10